"""Provides a traceset implementation based on Riscure's Inspector traceset format (``.trs``)."""

import struct
from enum import IntEnum
from io import BytesIO, RawIOBase, BufferedIOBase, UnsupportedOperation
from pathlib import Path
from typing import Union, Optional, BinaryIO

import numpy as np
from public import public

from pyecsca.sca.trace_set.base import TraceSet
from pyecsca.sca.trace import Trace


@public
class SampleCoding(IntEnum):
    Int8 = 0x01
    Int16 = 0x02
    Int32 = 0x04
    Float8 = 0x11
    Float16 = 0x12
    Float32 = 0x14

    def dtype(self):
        char = "f" if self.value & 0x10 else "i"
        return np.dtype(f"<{char}{self.value & 0x0F}")


@public
class Parsers:
    @staticmethod
    def read_int(bytes):
        return int.from_bytes(bytes, byteorder="little")

    @staticmethod
    def read_bool(bytes):
        return Parsers.read_int(bytes) == 1

    @staticmethod
    def read_float(bytes):
        return struct.unpack("<f", bytes)[0]

    @staticmethod
    def read_str(bytes):
        return bytes.decode("ascii")

    @staticmethod
    def write_int(i, length=1):
        return int.to_bytes(i, length=length, byteorder="little")

    @staticmethod
    def write_bool(b, length=1):
        return Parsers.write_int(b, length=length)

    @staticmethod
    def write_float(f, length=None):
        return struct.pack(f"<{'e' if length == 2 else 'f'}", f)

    @staticmethod
    def write_str(s, length=None):
        return s.encode("ascii")


@public
class InspectorTraceSet(TraceSet):
    """Riscure Inspector trace set format (.trs)."""

    num_traces: int
    num_samples: int
    sample_coding: SampleCoding
    data_space: int = 0
    title_space: int = 0

    global_title: str = "title"
    description: Optional[str] = None

    x_offset: int = 0
    x_label: Optional[str] = None
    y_label: Optional[str] = None
    x_scale: float = 1
    y_scale: float = 1

    trace_offset: int = 0
    log_scale: int = 0

    scope_range: float = 0
    scope_coupling: int = 0
    scope_offset: float = 0
    scope_impedance: float = 0
    scope_id: Optional[str] = None

    filter_type: int = 0
    filter_frequency: float = 0
    filter_range: float = 0

    external_clock: bool = False
    external_clock_threshold: float = 0
    external_clock_multiplier: int = 0
    external_clock_phase_shift: int = 0
    external_clock_resampler_mask: int = 0
    external_clock_resampler_enabled: bool = False
    external_clock_frequencty: float = 0
    external_clock_time_base: int = 0

    _tag_parsers: dict = {
        0x41: ("num_traces", 4, Parsers.read_int, Parsers.write_int),
        0x42: ("num_samples", 4, Parsers.read_int, Parsers.write_int),
        0x43: (
            "sample_coding",
            1,
            lambda bytes: SampleCoding(Parsers.read_int(bytes)),
            lambda coding, length: Parsers.write_int(coding.value, length=length),
        ),
        0x44: ("data_space", 2, Parsers.read_int, Parsers.write_int),
        0x45: ("title_space", 1, Parsers.read_int, Parsers.write_int),
        0x46: ("global_title", None, Parsers.read_str, Parsers.write_str),
        0x47: ("description", None, Parsers.read_str, Parsers.write_str),
        0x48: ("x_offset", None, Parsers.read_int, Parsers.write_int),
        0x49: ("x_label", None, Parsers.read_str, Parsers.write_str),
        0x4A: ("y_label", None, Parsers.read_str, Parsers.write_str),
        0x4B: ("x_scale", 4, Parsers.read_float, Parsers.write_float),
        0x4C: ("y_scale", 4, Parsers.read_float, Parsers.write_float),
        0x4D: ("trace_offset", 4, Parsers.read_int, Parsers.write_int),
        0x4E: ("log_scale", 1, Parsers.read_int, Parsers.write_int),
        0x55: ("scope_range", 4, Parsers.read_float, Parsers.write_float),
        0x56: ("scope_coupling", 4, Parsers.read_int, Parsers.write_int),
        0x57: ("scope_offset", 4, Parsers.read_float, Parsers.write_float),
        0x58: ("scope_impedance", 4, Parsers.read_float, Parsers.write_float),
        0x59: ("scope_id", None, Parsers.read_str, Parsers.write_str),
        0x5A: ("filter_type", 4, Parsers.read_int, Parsers.write_int),
        0x5B: ("filter_frequency", 4, Parsers.read_float, Parsers.write_float),
        0x5C: ("filter_range", 4, Parsers.read_float, Parsers.read_float),
        0x60: ("external_clock", 1, Parsers.read_bool, Parsers.write_bool),
        0x61: ("external_clock_threshold", 4, Parsers.read_float, Parsers.write_float),
        0x62: ("external_clock_multiplier", 4, Parsers.read_int, Parsers.write_int),
        0x63: ("external_clock_phase_shift", 4, Parsers.read_int, Parsers.write_int),
        0x64: ("external_clock_resampler_mask", 4, Parsers.read_int, Parsers.write_int),
        0x65: (
            "external_clock_resampler_enabled",
            1,
            Parsers.read_bool,
            Parsers.write_bool,
        ),
        0x66: ("external_clock_frequency", 4, Parsers.read_float, Parsers.write_float),
        0x67: ("external_clock_time_base", 4, Parsers.read_int, Parsers.write_int),
    }

    _scaled: bool = False

    @classmethod
    def read(
        cls, input: Union[str, Path, bytes, BinaryIO], **kwargs
    ) -> "InspectorTraceSet":
        """
        Read Inspector trace set from file path, bytes or file-like object.

        :param input: Input file path, bytes or file-like object.
        :return:
        """
        if isinstance(input, bytes):
            with BytesIO(input) as r:
                traces, tags = InspectorTraceSet.__read(r)
        elif isinstance(input, (str, Path)):
            with open(input, "rb") as f:
                traces, tags = InspectorTraceSet.__read(f)
        elif isinstance(input, (RawIOBase, BufferedIOBase, BinaryIO)):
            traces, tags = InspectorTraceSet.__read(input)
        else:
            raise TypeError
        if kwargs.get("scale"):
            tags["_scaled"] = True
            for trace in traces:
                new = InspectorTraceSet.__scale(trace.samples, tags["y_scale"])
                del trace.samples
                trace.samples = new
        else:
            tags["_scaled"] = False
        return InspectorTraceSet(*traces, **tags)

    @classmethod
    def __read(cls, file):
        tags = {}
        while True:
            tag = ord(file.read(1))
            length = ord(file.read(1))
            if length & 0x80:
                length = Parsers.read_int(file.read(length & 0x7F))
            value = file.read(length)
            if tag in InspectorTraceSet._tag_parsers:
                tag_name, tag_len, tag_reader, _ = InspectorTraceSet._tag_parsers[tag]
                if tag_len is None or length == tag_len:
                    tags[tag_name] = tag_reader(value)
            elif tag == 0x5F and length == 0:
                break
            else:
                continue
        result = []
        for _ in range(tags["num_traces"]):
            title = (
                None
                if "title_space" not in tags
                else Parsers.read_str(file.read(tags["title_space"]))
            )
            data = None if "data_space" not in tags else file.read(tags["data_space"])
            dtype = tags["sample_coding"].dtype()
            try:
                samples = np.fromfile(file, dtype, tags["num_samples"])
            except UnsupportedOperation:
                samples = np.frombuffer(
                    file.read(dtype.itemsize * tags["num_samples"]),
                    dtype,
                    tags["num_samples"],
                )
            result.append(Trace(samples, {"title": title, "data": data}))
        return result, tags

    @classmethod
    def inplace(
        cls, input: Union[str, Path, bytes, BinaryIO], **kwargs
    ) -> "InspectorTraceSet":
        raise NotImplementedError

    def write(self, output: Union[str, Path, BinaryIO]):
        """
        Save this trace set into a file.

        :param output: An output path or file-like object.
        """
        if isinstance(output, (str, Path)):
            with open(output, "wb") as f:
                self.__write(f)
        elif isinstance(output, (RawIOBase, BufferedIOBase, BinaryIO)):
            self.__write(output)
        else:
            raise TypeError

    def __write(self, file):
        for tag, tag_tuple in self._tag_parsers.items():
            tag_name, tag_len, _, tag_writer = tag_tuple
            if tag_name not in self._keys:
                continue
            tag_byte = Parsers.write_int(tag, length=1)
            value_bytes = tag_writer(getattr(self, tag_name), tag_len)
            length = len(value_bytes)
            if length <= 0x7F:
                length_bytes = Parsers.write_int(length, length=1)
            else:
                length_data = Parsers.write_int(
                    length, length=(length.bit_length() + 7) // 8
                )
                length_bytes = Parsers.write_int(0x80 | len(length_data)) + length_data
            file.write(tag_byte)
            file.write(length_bytes)
            file.write(value_bytes)
        file.write(b"\x5f\x00")

        for trace in self._traces:
            if self.title_space != 0 and trace.meta["title"] is not None:
                file.write(Parsers.write_str(trace.meta["title"]))
            if self.data_space != 0 and trace.meta["data"] is not None:
                file.write(trace.meta["data"])
            if self._scaled:
                unscaled = InspectorTraceSet.__unscale(
                    trace.samples, self.y_scale, self.sample_coding
                )
            else:
                unscaled = trace.samples
            try:
                unscaled.tofile(file)
            except UnsupportedOperation:
                file.write(unscaled.tobytes())
            del unscaled

    @staticmethod
    def __scale(samples: np.ndarray, factor: float):
        return samples.astype("f4") * factor

    @staticmethod
    def __unscale(samples: np.ndarray, factor: float, coding: SampleCoding):
        return (samples * (1 / factor)).astype(coding.dtype())

    @property
    def sampling_frequency(self) -> int:
        """Return the sampling frequency of the trace set."""
        return int(1 / self.x_scale)

    def __repr__(self):
        args = ", ".join([f"{key}={getattr(self, key)!r}" for key in self._keys])
        return f"InspectorTraceSet({args})"